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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The first machine capable of producing permanent curl was invented in | 1905 |
| The inventor of the first permanent wave machine was | Charles Nessler |
| 1938 Arnold f. willatt inventened the first | cold wave |
| Heat waves that are self-timed and self-heated are called | exothermic |
| Acid waves that require the application of heat are | endothermic |
| What type of wave uses thioglycolic acid or its derivatives with ammonia and processes the hair without heat | Cold |
| The overlap method of wrapping hair around a perm tool is also called | croquignole |
| To achieve the desired curl formation hair should wrap around the rod at least how many times | 2 1/2 |
| What type of rods produce a large curl pattern on either side and a smaller curl in the center | concave |
| What type of rods produce small firm curls | small diameter rods |
| the most common end paper technique used to avoid bunching at the ends is the | double paper |
| the base is defined as the area between two | partings |
| The most common base control for perming is a/an | half off base |
| in perming a one base size is | equal to the diameter of perm rod |
| a larger base size will have which of the following effects on the curl | reduce strength |
| to achieve maximum volume which tool position should be used | on base |
| which tool position is used in perimeter areas where closeness is desired | underdirected |
| the tool positioned used when only a minimum degree of volume is desired is the | off base |
| What element do most acid waves use along with tension and waving lotion to process hair | heat |
| what structure must be permanently broken to change the hair from a straight to a curly state | disulfide bonds |
| what procedure removes the excess waving lotion | rinsing |
| alkaline waves carry a ph of | 8.0 - 9.5 |
| Neutralizing is also known as | rebonding |
| what procedure reduces the swelling of the hair and hardens the bonds into the new size and shape during a perm process | applying neutralizer |
| hydrogen peroxide sodium perborate or sodium bromate are commonly used in | neutralizers |
| which waving solution is not recommended for porous or damaged hair | alkaline |
| low ph alkaline waves have a ph of | 8 |
| acid waves have a ph of | 6.9 - 7.2 |
| hair must be wrapped without tension when using | alkaline waves |
| wrapping with even tension when using an acid wave produces the effect of | increases processing time |
| it is essential to completely rinse the perm solution before applying | neutralizer |
| leaving the neutralizer on longer than recommended can | cause damage |
| which waving solution has the shortest processing time | alkaline |
| acid perms create | soft natural curls |
| what term refers to the hairs ability to absorb moisture liquids and chemicals | porosity |
| The hairs ability to stretch and return to its original shape is called | elasticity |
| thio-free perms use what as a reducing agent | cystemine hydrocholoride |
| which perm wrap is considered the most basic perm wrap pattern | rectangle |
| rods to large for the desired curl can cause | a limp curl |
| too much hair on a rod can cause | an uneven curl pattern |
| the physical and chemical process of making straight hair curly | permanent waving |
| use heat tension control and a weaving lotion to process hair | acid waves |
Created by: lisasmith86
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