HMO vs. PPO: Which is right for you? (2024)

There are a lot of decisions to make when it comes to choosing a health insurance plan. One of the first decisions you will need to make is which type of plan is right for you.

You’ve probably heard the terms health maintenance organization (HMO) and preferred provider organization (PPO), but do you really understand the differences between them?

Before we get started:

What is an HMO?

Health maintenance organizations (HMO)* have a network of doctors, hospitals and other healthcare providers who provide their services for a specific payment, which allows the HMO to maintain costs for its members. Cost and choice are the 2 features that set HMOS apart from other healthcare plans.

What is a PPO?

Preferred provider organizations (PPO) offer a network of healthcare providers to use for your medical care at a certain rate. Unlike HMO, a PPO offers you the freedom to receive care from any healthcare provider—in or out of your network.

* Please note, a referral may be required.

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HMO vs. PPO plans: What’s the difference?

Which one is cheaper? Which one provides the coverage you need? To help you decide, we’ve created a simple comparison chart that lays out the basic features of HMOs and PPOs. Once you have a better understanding of each plan type and how they work, it will be much easier to choose the plan that’s best for you and your family.

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HMO vs. PPO plans: What’s the difference?

Question

HMO health maintenance organization

PPO preferred provider organization

How much will this plan cost?

Lower cost
HMO plans typically have lower monthly premiums. You can also expect to pay less out of pocket.

Higher cost
PPOs tend to have higher monthly premiums in exchange for the flexibility to use providers both in and out of network without a referral. Out-of-pocket medical costs can also run higher with a PPO plan.

Do I have to use a primary care physician (PCP)?

Yes
With most HMO plans, all of your healthcare services are coordinated by your designated PCP.

No
PPO plans do not require referrals for any services.

Do I have to get referrals to use another doctor?

Yes
With an HMO, you must first schedule an appointment with your PCP and they will provide a referral to an in-network specialist.

No
PPO plans do not require referrals for any services.

If I have a doctor or a specialist who is out of network, will I still be able to see him or her and have the costs covered?

No
HMOs don’t offer coverage for care from out-of-network healthcare providers. The only exception is for true medical emergencies.

Yes
With a PPO, you have the flexibility to visit providers outside of your network. However, visiting an out-of-network provider will include a higher fee and a separate deductible.

Will I need to file claims?

No
Since HMOs only allow you to visit in-network providers, it’s likely you’ll never have to file a claim. This is because your insurance company pays the provider directly.

Yes
In some cases, you will have to pay a doctor for services directly and then file a claim to get reimbursed. This is most common when you seek services from out-of-network providers.

Generally speaking, an HMO might make sense if lower costs are most important and if you don’t mind using a PCP to manage your care. A PPO may be better if you already have a doctor or medical team that you want to keep but doesn’t belong to your plan network.

Medicare HMO and PPO

Medicare also has both PPO and HMO options. If you are eligible or over the age of 65, you might want to check out Humana’s Medicare PPO plan or Humana’s Medicare HMO plan.

Making your decision

Now that you understand the major differences between the 2 types of insurance, you may have an idea of which 1 makes the most sense in your situation.

But if you’re still undecided about individual medical plans and would like even more information to make your decision, please visit our PPO overview page or our HMO overview page.

Humana answers your Medicare questions

HMO vs. PPO: Which is right for you? (1)

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HMO vs. PPO: Which is right for you? (2)

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HMO vs. PPO: Which is right for you? (3)

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HMO vs. PPO: Which is right for you? (2024)

FAQs

Is HMO or PPO better for me? ›

HMO plans typically have lower monthly premiums. You can also expect to pay less out of pocket. PPOs tend to have higher monthly premiums in exchange for the flexibility to use providers both in and out of network without a referral. Out-of-pocket medical costs can also run higher with a PPO plan.

What are three disadvantages of HMO? ›

Disadvantages
  • If you need specialized care, you will need a referral from your primary care physician to an in-network provider.
  • Must see in-network providers for care-less flexibility than a PPO plan.

Is an HMO worth it? ›

Is an HMO or a PPO plan better? The best health plan is the one that meets your needs. If you like lower costs and think coordinated care makes things easier, an HMO plan might be a good choice. If you want to continue seeing a doctor or specialist that isn't in your employer's HMO network, think about a PPO plan.

Do more people have HMO or PPO? ›

PPOs are the most common plan type. Forty-seven percent of covered workers are enrolled in PPOs, followed by HDHP/SOs (29%), HMOs (13%), POS plans (10%), and conventional plans (1%) [Figure 5.1]. All of these percentages are similar to the enrollment percentages in 2022.

Why would a person choose PPO over an HMO? ›

PPOs Usually Win on Choice and Flexibility

If flexibility and choice are important to you, a PPO plan could be the better choice. Unlike most HMO health plans, you won't likely need to select a primary care physician, and you won't usually need a referral from that physician to see a specialist.

Why would you want a PPO? ›

With a PPO, you do not need to maintain a primary care physician and can see a different doctor of your choice at any time, including specialists. This also means when you are traveling, you can receive care wherever you are. Additionally, PPO plans offer more options for laboratory service providers.

Why do people not like HMO plans? ›

In an HMO there are some disadvantages. The premium that is paid is just enough to cover the costs of doctors in the network. The members are “stuck” to a primary care physician and if managed care plans change, then the member may not be able to continue with the same PCP.

What are the disadvantages of a PPO? ›

What Are Disadvantages of PPO Plans? PPO plans tend to be more expensive than other managed-care options. They typically have higher monthly premiums and out-of-pocket costs, like deductibles.

Where do most Americans get their health insurance? ›

While the majority of people in the United States have private health insurance, primarily through an employer, others obtain coverage through programs offered by the government. Yet some do not have health insurance coverage at all (refer to the “What Is Health Insurance Coverage?” text box).

Is HMO good for adults? ›

Health benefits of human milk oligosaccharides in adults: Gut health. In babies, HMOs stimulate the growth of Bifidobacteria. These HMO prebiotic benefits are seen in adults, too, alongside HMOs' ability to modulate the immune system, benefit brain health and regulate the gut barrier.

Do HMO have high premiums? ›

A Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) plan is one of the most affordable types of health insurance. While it may have coinsurance, it generally has lower premiums and deductibles. It also often has fixed copays for doctor visits.

What is not an advantage of an HMO plan? ›

The Primary Disadvantage of an HMO Plan

HMO plans do not give you the flexibility of the PPO plans that many people have become accustomed to using. You are limited to a smaller (typically local) network of providers – usually a particular hospital system.

Is it better to choose PPO or HMO? ›

An HMO is a good choice if you want the cheapest health insurance and don't mind staying within the plan's provider network. A PPO would probably be the better option if flexibility is what you prefer, even if it means higher health insurance costs. Out-of-network care? Need to name a primary care physician (PCP)?

Is PPO worth it? ›

If you have control over what policy you enroll in—be it a traditional group health plan or an individual plan—and want a policy with more flexibility, a PPO plan can be an excellent option to get the quality of care you need. This article was originally published on March 31, 2021.

Why are HMOs so popular? ›

The main benefits are cost and quality of care. People who purchase HMO plans enjoy lower premiums than traditional forms of health insurance.

What are three disadvantages of PPO insurance? ›

Disadvantages
  • Higher monthly premium.
  • Higher out of pocket expenses.
  • Must monitor in-network vs out-of network to control cost.

In which of the following ways do PPOs differ from HMOs? ›

HMOs provide benefits on a prepaid basis. HMOs contract directly with employees. PPOs aim at providing high - quality health services at high costs. PPOs focus on preventive measures and outpatient care.

When a preferred provider organization PPO? ›

A type of medical plan in which coverage is provided to participants through a network of selected health care providers, such as hospitals and physicians. Enrollees may seek care outside the network but pay a greater percentage of the cost of coverage than within the network.

Is Medicare better than an HMO? ›

Many people choose an HMO plan because it covers everything Original Medicare covers plus additional benefits. HMO plans generally have lower monthly premiums than Medicare Supplement plans and are available with prescription drug coverage, so you can have medical and drug coverage in one plan.

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