Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Injections | NewYork-Presbyterian (2024)

What is Platelet-Rich Plasma?

What is Platelet-Rich Plasma?

Blood consists of various cells and proteins that float through blood vessels in a liquid called plasma. To get platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a vial of your own blood is taken, spun down in a centrifuge, and separated into layers of all the different cells that compose it. Centrifugation pushes a specific type of cell, the platelet, into the plasma layer. The platelets are the cells responsible for clotting and contain hundreds of growth factors that aid healing.

After these platelets concentrate in the plasma layer, that platelet-rich plasma can then be isolated and injected into damaged areas all over the body.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Injections | NewYork-Presbyterian (1)

What Is a PRP Injection?

What Is a PRP Injection?

A doctor can inject PRP into damaged tissue to stimulate healing. Platelets are known for their clotting ability, but they also contain many growth factors (proteins) that can signal the body to increase the number of reparative cells in a treated area. PRP injections are used to treat a range of musculoskeletal issues, including common chronic athletic conditions like tennis elbow or runner’s knee. They can also be used to aid in healing after surgery or to treat arthritis-related pain.

Types of PRP Injection

Types

Different types of PRP injections are used to treat various injuries and conditions. There are four classifications of PRP, differentiated by their leukocyte (white blood cell) content and fibrin architecture:

  • Pure PRP - In this PRP, white blood cells have been completely removed, and the substance has a low fibrin matrix
  • Leukocyte and PRP (L-PRP) maintain their white blood cell count but have a low fibrin matrix
  • Leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) have no white blood cells but a high fibrin matrix. Experts suggest this type of PRP may be the best option for knee osteoarthritis.
  • Pure platelet-rich fibrin (P-PRF) maintains both white blood cell count and has a high fibrin matrix

How Is a PRP Injection Performed?

Procedure

After drawing your blood to extract PRP, your doctor will numb the area set to be treated. They will then inject the PRP into your tissue with a needle. Doctors will sometimes use ultrasound imaging to guide their injections to increase accuracy and decrease potential pain. Using imaging guidance is very helpful in pinpointing exactly where the damaged tissue needs PRP the most. The PRP treatment will likely take around 30 minutes, depending on which area is being treated.

Risks To Consider

Risks

A PRP injection does not usually cause significant side effects since the materials are taken from you, processed, and put back into you without manipulation by outside substances. The risk of an allergic reaction is extremely low because the substance is made up of a patient’s own cells. However, every preparation of PRP is different, and this uncertainty can limit how accurately a doctor can predict its effectiveness. A PRP injection does carry the risk of some side effects, which include:

  • Pain at the injection site
  • Bleeding
  • Infection
  • Nerve or tissue damage

Preparing For a PRP Injection

Preparing for Injection

Before getting a PRP injection, your doctor will give you instructions for preparation. You will likely be asked to stop taking certain medications that thin your blood (including ibuprofen and aspirin) and some supplements like omega-3 fatty acids. Since the treatment involves drawing blood, you should eat before the procedure to avoid becoming lightheaded.

What To Expect After a PRP Injection

After Injection

After the platelet-rich plasma treatment, the injection site will likely be sore and feel bruised. Your doctor will advise you not to wash the area for 48 hours following treatment. There will likely be increased pain at the injection site for up to 48 hours while the anticipated inflammatory reaction is happening. This pain is normal, and while there will be continued discomfort, that will subside over the following several days. To manage discomfort, you can ice the area or take over-the-counter pain medications, such as acetaminophen. If you experience excessive sharp pains or severe bruising/bleeding, be sure to call your physician.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Injections | NewYork-Presbyterian (2024)

FAQs

What is the downside of PRP injections? ›

A PRP injection is a low-risk procedure and does not usually cause major side effects. The procedure involves a blood draw, so you should make sure you are hydrated and have eaten beforehand to prevent feeling lightheaded. After the procedure, you may experience some soreness and bruising at the injection site.

How long does it take to recover from platelet rich plasma PRP injections? ›

The first few days following the injection is known as the inflammatory phase. Some people may feel an increase in pain during this time. It may take 6-8 weeks to assess the body's response to the treatment. Full recovery may take 3-6 months, with tendon injuries usually requiring a longer recovery time.

Are PRP injections worth the money? ›

Every patient is different, but doctors believe PRP may promote a longer-lasting recovery from an injury than some other treatments. Some patients report that their pain improved in four to six weeks—sometimes sooner—and that their condition continued to show improvement for up to a year.

What is a good platelet count for PRP? ›

The normal human range of platelet concentration is 150 000 to 450 000 platelets per µL of whole venous blood. Concentrations of platelets in PRP differ widely, ranging from 2.5 to 8.0 times the concentration of platelets found in whole blood.

Why is PRP controversial? ›

A recent meta-analysis demonstrated that exogenously activated PRP is more effective in improving pain and function than non-activated PRP in patients with knee OA. However, conflicting evidence suggesting less efficient wound healing has questioned whether rapid delivery of growth factors is ideal.

Who is not a good candidate for PRP? ›

You may not be a good candidate for hair restoration if you have certain health problems, including blood clotting or bleeding problems. You should not have PRP injections if you have a skin infection or active skin condition on your scalp at treatment time.

What is better than a PRP injection? ›

Stem Cell Therapy is a more advanced treatment compared to PRP Therapy. PRP Therapy recruits growth factors in the injured area to aid in healing. Stem Cell Therapy not only does the same thing that PRP offers, which is initiating the body's repair response, it also enhances stem cell activity for regeneration.

Why no caffeine after PRP? ›

Since caffeine can increase inflammation and decrease platelet activity, it is generally recommended to avoid drinking coffee after PRP treatment for at least 48 hours. This gives the body enough time to heal correctly and helps ensure that your cells have time to respond to the treatment.

How many years does PRP last? ›

You'll need to complete a series of four to six treatments to achieve real PRP hair treatment results, and you'll be able to enjoy new hair growth for about 18 to 24 months. Because PRP is not permanent, touch-up treatments are recommended once a year.

How do you maximize PRP results? ›

Before PRP therapy, eat dark, leafy, green vegetables and increase your iron and vitamin B intake. In addition, you should do high-intensity cardio workouts and, of course, follow your provider's post-procedure instructions. You also want to avoid smoking, drinking alcohol, and consuming foods that reduce platelets.

What is PRP success rate? ›

In fact, many global studies prove that PRP therapy is considered one of the most successful non-surgical hair loss treatment methods, with a success rate of 80-92 per cent in India.

Can you get too much PRP? ›

PRP injections are a natural, safe, chemical-free treatment that uses the plasma in your own blood to promote healing and minimize inflammation. That means receiving multiple injections poses no harm and won't produce an allergic reaction.

Who should avoid PRP treatment? ›

We may not inject PRP if you have cancer, an active infection, unstable angina, or a blood disorder such as anemia or severe hypovolemia (low blood volume). To be a good candidate, you must also have normal platelet function, which means that platelet disorders disqualify you from getting PRP treatments.

Can PRP go wrong? ›

Tissue damage can occur if the needle is too big, inserted at the wrong angle, or administered in an area with accumulated scar tissue. This can cause inflammation, pain, and discomfort. However, capable doctors can ensure they use the appropriate needle length in the body.

Does PRP have any long-term side effects? ›

While rare, there are a few long-term side effects of PRP injections, such as scar tissue, injury to the blood vessels, and injury to the nerve. Most of these long-term side effects can be avoided with a leading, PRP therapy clinic like PRP in Seattle.

What medications should be avoided with PRP injections? ›

Do not take Aspirin or any other anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) for 5 days prior to your session. These can be resumed three days after. NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs include products such as Advil, Alka-Seltzer, Bufferin, Excedrin, Empirin, Nu-Prin, Motrin, Ibuprofen, etc.)

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