The most important steps to farming efficiently happen in the mid-game. These items are absolutely necessary, and need to be bought in this order.
1. Farmer's boots - These boots increase speed by 4 and defense by 2 for every farming level you have. By the time you get Farming 13, you will get more speed than equipping 3/4 of the Young Dragon set. Speed is one of the most important stats in farming, as the faster you move the more cane you mine per second (to a certain point). I would also recommend the mythic or light reforge, which provides extra speed.
2. Turing cane hoe - This is the 2nd most important important upgrade. It levels up in many different ways, but mid game will only cover the first few. Obtaining a Turing cane hoe requires a math hoe blueprint and 8 stacks of sugar cane to craft. This item is odd. It can only be traded in backpacks, and is therefore one of the most popular scams. You cannot see inside a backpack during a trade, and even if you could, it would appear to look like a wooden hoe, one of the easiest items in the game to get. There is currently 3 methods to get a cane hoe, and method c is the most common.
a. Buy it from Anita yourself - This costs about 300k worth of Jacob's tickets and a gold medal. The easiest way starting from early game to get a gold medal is to craft it with 8 bronze medals, however with a low farming level and weak gear, this may prove difficult.
b. Buy one for 800k to 1mil - a math hoe blueprint generally sells for this price, but, as discussed above, is difficult to successfully trade for. If you have an IRL friend that plays skyblock and could get one for you, pay them 1mil for it. If not, option c.
c. Badlion/Lunar and a resource pack (how I got my cane hoe) - Badlion client offers the skyblock addons mod, which has a setting that allows a preview of backpacks. Turning this on should enable you to see inside a backpack by hovering over it and holding shift. Next problem: the item inside the backpack, whether a math hoe blueprint or a wooden hoe, will appear the same. Download the resource pack below which re-textures math hoe blueprints to what is seen below.
Link: mediafire.com/file/FurfSky_Reborn_1.1.0_FL
If this method is done correctly, you should be unable to be scammed as long as you keep in mind 90% of people selling math hoes are scammers. If anything suspicious happens AT ALL, WALK AWAY. I've seen people even get convinced that their texture pack doesn't work, and make the trade. If it doesn't look like a blueprint, don't make the trade, and make sure the resource pack is on and functioning.
3. Enchant the Turing cane hoe with harvesting 5, telekinesis, BUT NOT Turbo-cane. (Turbo-cane requires either a lot of contests to get a decent tier or a decent amount of money spent on cane books. If you enchant this hoe with a tier 3 book, it will just mean it's harder to enchant it with t5 later because you wasted a t3 book. Also 16 turbo-cane 1 books makes a t5 book.)
4. At this point, consider pets. The only pet you should be considering right now is Rabbit pet, and only because it gives a buff to farming exp gained, maxing out at 25% extra at lvl 100 (rare). This pet is not important, but if you plan to become a Technoblade level sweat, consider purchasing it for this boost - it'll make a difference. Costs about 20k when I checked.
5. Upgrade your cane hoe by right clicking with it and viewing the recipe. You need 4 stacks of enchanted sugar and 1 stack of Jacob's tickets (total cost: 450k depending on bazaar prices). Once this is done, you should be raking in money with up to 3 sugar cane dropping from each block destroyed.
6. Personal compactor 4000 - This accessory turns all of a certain item (sugar cane) into its enchanted form (enchanted sugar). This is an absolute must have for all types of farming and grinding and collecting minions, and can even be carried in your accessory bag. It stops you from having to stop every 3 seconds and craft the sugar cane into enchanted sugar. The reason this is after the cane hoe upgrades is because it costs about 990k from the auction house, and the lowest I've ever seen one on BIN for is 950k. However, once you have your upgraded cane hoe, you should make enough money to purchase this pretty quickly.